The History of Black Business in America Review

Black History is Oklahoma History

This page is a work in progress, created to share resources most the Black experience in Oklahoma.

As an educational organization and a defended community partner, the Oklahoma Historical Society (OHS) has long believed that one important step toward ending racism and injustice is a improve understanding of our shared history. By providing resource that requite context for the Black experience in Oklahoma, we hope to spark civil discourse and open dialogue nigh the office of race in the history of our state. While these conversations virtually our past may not be comfortable, they are necessary to understand where we have been and how we can all-time move forward together.

Since 1893, the Oklahoma Historical Society has collected and shared the story of Oklahoma. In the 1980s, the OHS began a concerted effort to engage with Oklahoma's Black community—to mind to their stories and share their experiences. While we have made both mistakes and pregnant strides, we will keep to do better and practise more. As new voices call for alter, the OHS stands committed to our mission to collect, preserve, and share the history and civilisation of all Oklahomans. Learn more than and browse free resources related to the Black experience in Oklahoma beneath.

Freedmen and the Territorial Era

The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture

African Americans
African American Newspapers
Battles of Cabin Creek
Boxing of Honey Springs
Buffalo Soldiers
Ceremonious War Era

Civil War Refugees Freedmen
Freedmen Schools
Juneteenth
Reconstruction Treaties
Slave Revolt of 1842
Slavery

Researching Freedmen History
View images, learn nearly Dawes Rolls, and find sources for Freedmen records on our Freedmen History page.

"From Tulsa to Across: African American Genealogy in the Indian Territory and Oklahoma," Nicka Smith
Discover how to research the lives of your ancestors using tribal records (Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee, and Seminole), federal records, newspapers, college/university collections, historical order records, and more!

The Chronicles of Oklahoma
"'The Golden Days': Taylor and Mary Ealy, Citizenship, and the Freedmen of Chickasaw Indian Territory, 1874–77," past Ellen Cain

"Reading Prestatehood Muskogee: Racial-Political Discourse in American Indian, African American, and White Newspapers, 1905–07," by Angela M. Person

"Due west Edwards Days: African Americans in Territorial Edmond," past Christopher P. Lehman

Podcast
"Slavery in Indian Territory," BrainBox podcast, Oklahoma Humanities

"The Misremembered 'Uncle' Wallace and 'Aunt' Minerva," Shelby Ward (2021)
"Uncle" Wallace and "Aunt" Minerva Willis contributed to the musical legacy of Oklahoma and beyond. They performed Negro spirituals during the antebellum Indian Territory catamenia. While their talent has not been forgotten, the nature of their relationship has been misremembered. Hear their story in this presentation.

"Finding Isaac Rogers," Nicka Sewell-Smith (2021)
Isaac Rogers was a well-known US Civil War veteran and deputy marshal who met his demise on a platform in Fort Gibson, Indian Territory, on April 21, 1897—but who was he exterior of those titles and that singular result? Detect out in this presentation.

Sound and Video

The Clara Luper Show
Listen to select episodes on YouTube

Podcasts
"Live Episode: Oklahoma'due south All-Black Towns," A Very OK Podcast
"The 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre," A Very OK Podcast
"Blackness Wall (Chief) Street," A Very OK Podcast
"Bill Pickett," Pawnee Bill Ranch and Museum Podcast
"Slavery in Indian Territory," BrainBox podcast, Oklahoma Humanities

"Blacks on the Oklahoma Frontier: Lawmen, Outlaws, Cowboys, Cowgirls, and Rodeos," Oklahoma African American Motion-picture show Festival (2020)

Early Oklahoma

The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Civilisation

James Herman Banning
Rufus Cannon
Chief Alfred Sam
Green I. Currin
Drusilla Dunjee Houston
Roscoe Dunjee
Henry Ossian Flipper
Dick Glass
Crawford Goldsby
A. C. Hamlin
Judith Ann Carter Horton
Coody Johnson
Edward P. McCabe

Zeke Miller
Frederick Moon
Bass Reeves
W. H. Slaughter
A. J. Smitherman
William Twine
Daniel Walker
David J. Wallace
Uncle Wallace and
Aunt Minerva Willis
I. W. Young

The Chronicles of Oklahoma
"Colorblind Proletarian Brotherhood: African Americans, American Indians, and Racial Inclusivity in the Oklahoma Socialist Political party," by Matthew F. Simmons

"Did Oklahoma African Americans Vote Between 1910 and 1943?," past R. Darcy

"Sundown on the Prairie: The Extralegal Campaigns and Efforts from 1889 to 1967 to Exclude African Americans from Norman, Oklahoma," by Michael S. Givel

Through the Looking Glass Darkly (1973)
Function I, Part II, Role III
From WKY-TV News, this documentary shares stories of Blackness Oklahomans from pre-statehood to the 1970s through rare photographs and interviews.

All-Black Towns and More than

All-Black Towns of Oklahoma: Remembering Prophylactic Havens
Join the Country Celebrated Preservation Function on a journey through Oklahoma's All-Blackness Towns, where we will highlight the creativity, entrepreneurial spirits, and tenacity that helped build some of these Blackness safe havens.

The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture

African American Colleges
All-Black Towns
Boley
Brooksville
Clearview
Freedmen Schools
Greenwood District
Langston
Langston University
Lima

Lincoln City
Red Bird
Rentiesville
Rosenwald Schools
Second Street
Top
Taft
Tatums
Tullahassee
Vernon

View map

"Oklahoma Spring," the films of Reverend S. S. Jones
Watch selections from silent films created by Reverend Due south. South. Jones, who came to Oklahoma Territory in 1889. Scenes of traditionally All-Black towns of Oklahoma include Taft, Clearview, Melvin, and Boley in the 1920s.

Ceremonious Rights in Oklahoma

Presented by the Oklahoma Historical Order, this documentary shares the history of sit-ins in Oklahoma City during the Ceremonious Rights Move. Through historic images and new interviews with sit down-in participants, producers Joyce Jackson and Bruce Fisher tell the powerful story of this movement.

"The Expert Fight," Crossroads online publication
This upshot presents an intimate look back at the struggle for civil rights in Oklahoma City.

Observe more near Civil Rights Leaders and History
in The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture

Green I. Currin
Drusilla Dunjee Houston
Roscoe Dunjee
Amos T. Hall
Ira DeVoyd Hall Sr.
Coody Johnson
Clara Luper
Frederick Moon
George Perkins
Melvin Porter
Jake Simmons Jr.
Ada Lois Sipuel Fisher
A. J. Smitherman
James Stewart
William Twine
I. Due west. Young

Ceremonious Rights Motion
McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents (1950)
NAACP
Segregation
Senate Beak One

The Chronicles of Oklahoma
"An Unflinching Call for Liberty: Clara Luper'due south Pedagogy at the Center of Sit down-Ins," by Rachel E. Watson

"Plumbing equipment In and Sitting In: Phillip Henry Porter and Memories of Integration Efforts in Enid, 1955–58," by Aaron Preston

"Thurgood Marshall'south "Broom Cupboard": The Construction of Segregation inMcLaurin v. Oklahoma Country Regents," by Eric Lomazoff and Bailie Gregory

"Unforgotten Trailblazer: Nancy O. Randolph Davis," by Gloria J. Pollard

Historic Places

"An Oklahoma Story of Place: Voices of Preservation" – Height, Oklahoma
This video features interviews with descendants of Reverend L. W. Thomas, founder of the town of Summit, Oklahoma (Muskogee County). Height was i of more than fifty All-Blackness towns established in present-24-hour interval Oklahoma, and one of only thirteen still in beingness today. The many businesses in Summit before World War Two included a cotton gin, filling station, grocery, and garage.

"An Oklahoma Story of Place: Voices of Preservation" – Threatt Filling Station
This video features Reverend Allen Threatt III discussing the Threatt Filling Station, which was congenital in 1915. Endemic and operated by his family, this service station was located along Route 66 near Luther, Oklahoma, and information technology served African American travelers and locals. This business is ane that would typically be included in "The Travelers' Greenish Volume."

National Annals of Historic Places

Attucks Community Heart, Ponca City
Attucks School, Vinita
Douglass High School (Old), Oklahoma City
Douglass School, Lawton
Dunbar Elementary Schoolhouse, Oklahoma City
Dunbar School, Dunbar
Edwards Heights Historic District, Oklahoma Metropolis
Excelsior Library, Guthrie
Showtime Baptist Church (Colored), Anadarko
Jamison Cemetery, Okay vicinity
Gem Theater, Oklahoma City
Langston University Cottage Row Historic Commune, Langston
Mountain Zion Baptist Church, Tulsa
New Hope Baptist Church, Chickasha
Edward Richardson Building, Arcadia
Dr. West. H. Slaughter House, Oklahoma Metropolis
St. John Baptist Church and Rectory, Ponca City
St. Paul Baptist Church building & Cemetery, Meeker vicinity
St. Philip's Episcopal Church, Muskogee
St. Thomas Archaic Baptist Church building, Summit
Reverend L. Westward. Thomas Homestead, Tiptop vicinity
Trinity United Presbyterian Church, Oklahoma City
Wedlock Schoolhouse District 19 1/two, Newalla vicinity
Vernon A.M.E. Church building, Tulsa

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Source: https://www.okhistory.org/blackhistory

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